| Article Access Statistics | | | Viewed | 3411 | | | Printed | 172 | | | Emailed | 0 | | | PDF Downloaded | 19 | | | Comments | [Add] | | |
|
Click on image for details.
|
|
 |
| LETTER |
|
|
|
| Year : 2014 | Volume
: 60
| Issue : 3 | Page : 348-349 |
Paediatric malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with osteoid, rhabdomyosarcomatous, and liposarcomatous differentiation
CW Devadoss1, AR Rau1, S Manjari2, MK Hasaf1
1 Department of Pathology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2 Paediatric Surgery, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| Date of Web Publication | 14-Aug-2014 |
Correspondence Address:
Dr. C W Devadoss
Department of Pathology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.138835
How to cite this article:
Devadoss C W, Rau A R, Manjari S, Hasaf M K. Paediatric malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with osteoid, rhabdomyosarcomatous, and liposarcomatous differentiation. J Postgrad Med 2014;60:348-9 |
How to cite this URL:
Devadoss C W, Rau A R, Manjari S, Hasaf M K. Paediatric malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with osteoid, rhabdomyosarcomatous, and liposarcomatous differentiation. J Postgrad Med [serial online] 2014 [cited 2023 Oct 2];60:348-9. Available from: https://www.jpgmonline.com/text.asp?2014/60/3/348/138835 |
Sir,
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are uncommon spindle-cell sarcomas, originating from a peripheral nerve or exhibiting nerve sheath differentiation, comprising 4-10% of all childhood soft tissue sarcomas. [1]
A 14-year-old male presented to us with dyspnoea and pain and weakness of the upper-left limb. On examination, there was ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos of the left eye and left supraclavicular fullness. A thoracic CT scan revealed a heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left paravertebral region and upper-left thorax measuring 9.6 × 8.2 × 10 cm with associated lytic lesions in D4, D5, and D9 vertebra. The radiologist reported it as malignant posterior mediastinal mass - possibly ganglioneuroblastoma with skeletal metastasis. On left thoracotomy, a fleshy-lobulated tumor originating from the sympathetic chain was seen and complete piecemeal tumor resection was done. Microscopy revealed a fasciculated mitotically active (22/10 hpf) spindle-cell tumor with densely cellular areas, hypocellular myxoid areas and areas of necrosis. Focal osteoid differentiation (7%), rhabdomyosarcomatous (Rms) differentiation (6%), and liposarcomatous (Lps) differentiation (3%) were identified [Figure 1]. Immunohistochemistry revealed intense S 100 positivity in the spindle cells and Myo D1 nuclear positivity in rhabdomyoblasts [Figure 2]. The final diagnosis of MPNST with divergent osteoid, rhabdomyosarcomatous and liposarcomatous differentiation, FNCLCC grade 2, pT2bNoM1, Stage IV was then made. The patient received radiotherapy, 3 DCRT up to 30 fractions in 6 weeks. Subsequently he developed additional spinal metastasis and succumbed to the disease, 6 months after diagnosis. | Figure 1: (a) CT Scan thorax showing posterior mediastinal mass. (b) Fasciculated spindle-cell tumor with hyper and hypocellular areas (×100 H and E). (c) Hypercellular area with spindle-shaped tumor cells exhibiting serpentine to plump hyperchromatic mitotically active nuclei and ill-defined acidophilic cytoplasm (×400 H and E). (d) Tumor cells showing positivity for S-100 (×400)
Click here to view |
 | Figure 2: (a) Osteogenic differentiation (×100 H and E). (b) Rhabdomyoblastic differentiation with round to tadpole shaped cells exhibiting eccentrically placed nuclei and acidophilic cytoplasm (×400 H and E). (c) Liposarcomatous differentiation with uni-and multivacuolated lipoblasts (×400 H and E). (d) Nuclear positivity for MyoD1 in cells with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation (×400)
Click here to view |
Pediatric MPNSTs have a strong association with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) and in this setting have a strong predilection for young males. [1],[2] However, our patient was a young male who did not have any of the National institute of health diagnostic criteria for NF1. [2] A majority of these tumors occur in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck. [3],[4] A posterior mediastinal location and origin from sympathetic chain with clinical presentation as Horner syndrome, is distinctly unusual. About 15% of MPNSTs, especially those associated with NF1, exhibit focal divergent heterologous differentiation commonly into Rms, osteogenic, and cartilaginous elements, illustrating the pluridirectional differentiation capacity of neuroectodermal tissue. [1],[3] Rms differentiation is the most frequent and is associated with poorer prognosis. [3] Lps differentiation is very rare with only five prior reported in the specialized literature. [3],[4],[5],[6] All these cases occurred in the third to seventh decade with our case being the first, in the pediatric age. Simultaneous divergent heterologous differentiation along three or more lineages, as the current case is also very rare with only a few previous reports. [4] It is important to identify the heterologous elements as these have prognostic and therapeutic significance. Whether presence of Lps differentiation alone or in conjunction with Rms differentiation confers a worse prognosis, these rare tumors require further evaluation.
| :: References | |  |
| 1. | Elli M, Can B, Ceyhan M, Pinarli FG, Dagdemir A, Ayyildiz HS, et al. Intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with angiosarcoma in a child with NF1. Tumori 2007;93:641-4. 
|
| 2. | Engel EE, Brassesco MS, Valera ET, Nogueira-Barbosa MH, Yamashita ME, Scrideli CA, et al. Clinico-Genetic aspects of a Pediatric Non-Neurofibromatosis type 1 malignant triton tumor with loss of chromosome X. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:1320-3.
|
| 3. | Suresh TN, Harendra Kumar ML, Prasad C, Kalyani R, Borappa K. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with divergent differentiation. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2009;52:74-6.
[PUBMED]  |
| 4. | Guo A, Liu A, Wei L, Song X. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Differentiation patterns and immunohistochemical features - A mini-review and our new findings. J Cancer 2010;3:303-9.
|
| 5. | Tirabosco R, Galloway M, Bradford R, O'Donnell P, Flanagan AM. Liposarcomatous differentiation in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A case report. Pathol Res Pract 2010;206:138-42.
|
| 6. | D'Agostino AN, Soule EH, Miller RH. Sarcomas of the peripheral nerves and somatic soft tissues associated with multiple Neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's Disease). Cancer 1963;16:1015-27.
[PUBMED] |
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
|
